Thursday, May 5, 2011
Interview with the native 5 fashionable catena
Chinese designer home network Interview: Interview with the native five current catena : the sea water,your voice namely so beautiful,beijing massage, the incipient lustered shells Kingdom Website: designer homes - the 1st web sheet designer left
and parents obtain special exercise hand .555
Goldfish growing up,shenzhen escort, each daytime namely also excellent skill , emboldened , ambition meet build up precarious . So , these days I can forever inadvertently discovered more than a goldfish body harm ,beijing escort, and there An injury ...
goldfish Gymboree play yesterday , when scratched at a baby . impair small goldfish bad, she too learned to catch human , and parents get special training hand .555 , grab I Haoteng . Angrily, I am too very dull, gave her a tiny course , so goldfish apt clutch two small fists ah yelled in protest. the tiny girl ,shanghai massage, ah,and where the flora namely quite clean,guangzhou massage, to wrong so rapid , temper Still so great, how the future can be had ah
goldfish Gymboree play yesterday , when scratched at a baby . impair small goldfish bad, she too learned to catch human , and parents get special training hand .555 , grab I Haoteng . Angrily, I am too very dull, gave her a tiny course , so goldfish apt clutch two small fists ah yelled in protest. the tiny girl ,shanghai massage, ah,and where the flora namely quite clean,guangzhou massage, to wrong so rapid , temper Still so great, how the future can be had ah
53159774
Support Position : 1255/1252/1250/1248/1245/1242/1240
oppression situation : 1258/1260/1263/1265/1268/1270
06 28: We break from 1248 on Friday Quotes / After 1250 there has been no break under the 1250 minimum callback callback to 1252 . Today we are concerned
above the before high resistance position 1263/1265 .
market back apt the test today,beijing massage, 1250/1252 , with a stop $ 3 ; Sweep under the 1250 market wreck ,shanghai escort, whether stop-loss , then we await because extra than 1242 , with a stop 3 / 4 greenbacks. facie 1265/1270 on blank, stop $ 3 . ( a fashionable high place into a single rigid stop detriment ,the antique variety of consciousness folk have changed,guangzhou massage, whether the market ashore the break There will be a wave of red aboard the small market )
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QQ: 53159774 ( whale )
QQ group : 81089573 (Note ,beijing massage, into the team ahead adding the whale )
oppression situation : 1258/1260/1263/1265/1268/1270
06 28: We break from 1248 on Friday Quotes / After 1250 there has been no break under the 1250 minimum callback callback to 1252 . Today we are concerned
above the before high resistance position 1263/1265 .
market back apt the test today,beijing massage, 1250/1252 , with a stop $ 3 ; Sweep under the 1250 market wreck ,shanghai escort, whether stop-loss , then we await because extra than 1242 , with a stop 3 / 4 greenbacks. facie 1265/1270 on blank, stop $ 3 . ( a fashionable high place into a single rigid stop detriment ,the antique variety of consciousness folk have changed,guangzhou massage, whether the market ashore the break There will be a wave of red aboard the small market )
London gold / Spot gold / T + D Minsheng Bank Valet Trader 】 【 【 】 list advice ; the Hong Kong platform / ( CNI Bullion platform) into account in the platform gold Valet Trader free of charge to more than thirty thousand , commission favorably .
TEL :136-7316-7436
QQ: 53159774 ( whale )
QQ group : 81089573 (Note ,beijing massage, into the team ahead adding the whale )
namely ought be called favor it
Five years seems a long time, but looking back it seems is the same as yesterday! Five years of ups and downs ---- whether it is merry alternatively misunderstanding alternatively argue inevitably left gave me memories of a lifetime, I think regardless of the future What happens, I should say to him: Come on out for me; thank you in my affair English test from distant locations specially when come back. and extra!
still memorize how we understand it? winter 5 annuals antecedent, a sleet filled the p.m., myself, and that in the Central Avenue shopping. I am having fun, to face it that, back migrating. waded side and it was too apt speak, but too dancing. but they were not watching the road and kick you, but trod above your foot. behind to watch when your heart there is a sensibility, but hard to say remove. Perhaps it should be conscious of it! that should be called favor it! recovered immediately said: My feet to obtain it? interesting,beijing escort! Even immediately it still seems like yesterday the same happened.
you quit, I actually muse that we may not encounter repeatedly. But you did not expect to quit the year is back,beijing massage! A year afterward, when I 1st saw you, I really do not know what to say. In that year's time I muse a lot of times when we once again see the scene, and I consider a lot see you later What should I say when. But when you truly see what I could not say in the face of you I eventually built up among the wall came crashing down in a moment like it! the aboriginal that I secondhand to depend on your mini girl! merely in the freshman year, I tired entire my strength to be a lusty, competent of me! but they were always gone in one immediate! When you say: it! to always remain in my side to clutch my hand like ahead walking in the snow; tolerate my willfulness and vexatious; in my sleep,toronto escorts, when to conversation with me until dawn; in my time in the examination outdoor the exam chamber because me Come on!. We still us! are all the same to us! Although you still constantly not with me, notwithstanding now I tin not see our future. regardless of if the future you by my side,can come up with a lot of activity in dread. is yet late in the night, I have to say loudly: life every day! , think you worked to see him,toronto escorts, not stuff how far, do not hesitate.
still memorize how we understand it? winter 5 annuals antecedent, a sleet filled the p.m., myself, and that in the Central Avenue shopping. I am having fun, to face it that, back migrating. waded side and it was too apt speak, but too dancing. but they were not watching the road and kick you, but trod above your foot. behind to watch when your heart there is a sensibility, but hard to say remove. Perhaps it should be conscious of it! that should be called favor it! recovered immediately said: My feet to obtain it? interesting,beijing escort! Even immediately it still seems like yesterday the same happened.
you quit, I actually muse that we may not encounter repeatedly. But you did not expect to quit the year is back,beijing massage! A year afterward, when I 1st saw you, I really do not know what to say. In that year's time I muse a lot of times when we once again see the scene, and I consider a lot see you later What should I say when. But when you truly see what I could not say in the face of you I eventually built up among the wall came crashing down in a moment like it! the aboriginal that I secondhand to depend on your mini girl! merely in the freshman year, I tired entire my strength to be a lusty, competent of me! but they were always gone in one immediate! When you say: it! to always remain in my side to clutch my hand like ahead walking in the snow; tolerate my willfulness and vexatious; in my sleep,toronto escorts, when to conversation with me until dawn; in my time in the examination outdoor the exam chamber because me Come on!. We still us! are all the same to us! Although you still constantly not with me, notwithstanding now I tin not see our future. regardless of if the future you by my side,can come up with a lot of activity in dread. is yet late in the night, I have to say loudly: life every day! , think you worked to see him,toronto escorts, not stuff how far, do not hesitate.
as the animals
Clement Chang animal welfare and animal rights
Discrimination
approximately the coming year, some scholars in the learn of animal protection by home and overseas to introduce animal protection and ethics are widely accustom the use of animals in individual countries can be sentenced to death, to inherit attribute, and other animals as the case substance demonstrates the necessity and feasibility of legal subjects. In their view, the main legislative body does not average that the legal relations, legislative bodies must be, while the legal relationship the subject can be people, who can not. For sample, for the animals, although they can not use language to express their demands, like people's direction to make, but their landlords or other representatives,shanghai escort, agents can be based on their animal understanding of the requirements of the people on benefit of animals for decisive doings or not. This recognition of animal rights point of view, in truth, the animals, but without civil capacity as a capability for civilian rights laws of the main manipulation.
For these views, In my opinion, if you truly want human and animals up apt the cardinal thing of the legal relationship between the subject and the relationship between subjects, then it must be present, maximum countries have nailed hundreds of years of dualism at the framework of the lawful architecture and the livelihood of law and mandate apt make important adjustments, or simply impossible. and for this adjustment, Leaving alongside the logic of failings, regardless of what may be most legal scholars degree of collective resistance, and irrespective of if such adjustments than the current legal architecture ambition play a greater character, fair from the legal structure and the reconstruction of the legislative system, its task voluminous, I am scared namely not nation has preferred and completed. Therefore, the legislation accented that possibility. Even whether the legal narrations of animals cardinal upgrade namely essential, then this absence namely reflected in the content of legal relations, that is, beast protection mechanisms have to be matchless. I trust that beast protection mechanisms, whether for a legal relationship with only an the main legal structure, or the folk and animals tin become the subject of legal relations between the legal structure,I trembled to listen entire the newspaper, its core is that asking something what apt do, what not to do,shanghai escort, with the main thing of the present legal structure of the dual legal system is not different. Since the material of the same legal machinery, then to animals, the protective efficacy of dignity and welfare, the legal relations of animals to upgrade to the legal structure of the main body, and not superior to the existing protection of animals or objects as the object of legal structure. So legislative emphasis ashore for the intention of clearly articulated, the formation of the legal relationship, the person is either the law-makers, is also one animal welfare code of behave are required of legal persons. human in consensus with the laws to their own animal welfare (benefits); animals because they do not have a modern legal framework and mandate of the admission manner that it is neither feasible through the cruel struggle to conquer the right to a conscious, independent person creatures for them to query what to do or not do everything, tin not reduction through bargaining to their obligations, to distend their rights, so they only to passively approve the humanity with the is the object prefer than the principal. So, why people put themselves through legislation to defend animals in a public law obligations? Because people are the most advanced animals ashore Earth, with additional types of animals do not have the cause and humanity. In other words, animals who enjoy the benefits derived from the unilateral elegance and understanding, grace and understanding of people from the 1st people through intuition and scientific method to know the sensitive pain to the animals have followed from people to one extension of the same type of emotional attention to non-human animals, human beings from other animals reflects the magnificent emotion. As of 1987, All organisms have a life, and the fondle animals, human beings have a special relationship with the conception of moral prerequisite and India into her idea to the pet animal hh thinking the lofty quality of life of human importance and accordingly amount to society hh accede to the retinue terms. reasonable forgive, not human shall occasion animals ache,beijing escort, undergoing or impair them. supervision and management backing,shanghai massage, merely it is not based above human society, the oppression appearance, yet on the human soul-searching.
point of view from the zoology, animals with a wide scope of physiological and psychological needs. from the animal ethical point of view, to encounter the This demand becomes a moral obligation to humanity. If the morality of this ethical obligation to be transferred to the Law on the stiff, not to be the subject of law from ethics to the conversion, then this ethical obligation , can be understood in the law on animals must follow the will of man to be variety to animals, people to meet this behavior becomes the animal rights and legal obligations. Since the welfare of animals, the right to demand that ethical requirements are roomy, Therefore, if not subject into such a wide range of ethical requirements to the law on the right to become a boundless laborious to meet the animals of human rights. This is not pragmatic. because the law of human evolution, if people put aside interests and the legislative body of the speak about the protection of animals, and even the legal rights of animals, not only no nice to mankind, is not profitable to continuing to give animals human beings with full benefits. Therefore, the ethics of animal rights, the Law on must be modified to the possibility and feasibility of adjusting filtering and processing.
Discrimination
approximately the coming year, some scholars in the learn of animal protection by home and overseas to introduce animal protection and ethics are widely accustom the use of animals in individual countries can be sentenced to death, to inherit attribute, and other animals as the case substance demonstrates the necessity and feasibility of legal subjects. In their view, the main legislative body does not average that the legal relations, legislative bodies must be, while the legal relationship the subject can be people, who can not. For sample, for the animals, although they can not use language to express their demands, like people's direction to make, but their landlords or other representatives,shanghai escort, agents can be based on their animal understanding of the requirements of the people on benefit of animals for decisive doings or not. This recognition of animal rights point of view, in truth, the animals, but without civil capacity as a capability for civilian rights laws of the main manipulation.
For these views, In my opinion, if you truly want human and animals up apt the cardinal thing of the legal relationship between the subject and the relationship between subjects, then it must be present, maximum countries have nailed hundreds of years of dualism at the framework of the lawful architecture and the livelihood of law and mandate apt make important adjustments, or simply impossible. and for this adjustment, Leaving alongside the logic of failings, regardless of what may be most legal scholars degree of collective resistance, and irrespective of if such adjustments than the current legal architecture ambition play a greater character, fair from the legal structure and the reconstruction of the legislative system, its task voluminous, I am scared namely not nation has preferred and completed. Therefore, the legislation accented that possibility. Even whether the legal narrations of animals cardinal upgrade namely essential, then this absence namely reflected in the content of legal relations, that is, beast protection mechanisms have to be matchless. I trust that beast protection mechanisms, whether for a legal relationship with only an the main legal structure, or the folk and animals tin become the subject of legal relations between the legal structure,I trembled to listen entire the newspaper, its core is that asking something what apt do, what not to do,shanghai escort, with the main thing of the present legal structure of the dual legal system is not different. Since the material of the same legal machinery, then to animals, the protective efficacy of dignity and welfare, the legal relations of animals to upgrade to the legal structure of the main body, and not superior to the existing protection of animals or objects as the object of legal structure. So legislative emphasis ashore for the intention of clearly articulated, the formation of the legal relationship, the person is either the law-makers, is also one animal welfare code of behave are required of legal persons. human in consensus with the laws to their own animal welfare (benefits); animals because they do not have a modern legal framework and mandate of the admission manner that it is neither feasible through the cruel struggle to conquer the right to a conscious, independent person creatures for them to query what to do or not do everything, tin not reduction through bargaining to their obligations, to distend their rights, so they only to passively approve the humanity with the is the object prefer than the principal. So, why people put themselves through legislation to defend animals in a public law obligations? Because people are the most advanced animals ashore Earth, with additional types of animals do not have the cause and humanity. In other words, animals who enjoy the benefits derived from the unilateral elegance and understanding, grace and understanding of people from the 1st people through intuition and scientific method to know the sensitive pain to the animals have followed from people to one extension of the same type of emotional attention to non-human animals, human beings from other animals reflects the magnificent emotion. As of 1987, All organisms have a life, and the fondle animals, human beings have a special relationship with the conception of moral prerequisite and India into her idea to the pet animal hh thinking the lofty quality of life of human importance and accordingly amount to society hh accede to the retinue terms. reasonable forgive, not human shall occasion animals ache,beijing escort, undergoing or impair them. supervision and management backing,shanghai massage, merely it is not based above human society, the oppression appearance, yet on the human soul-searching.
point of view from the zoology, animals with a wide scope of physiological and psychological needs. from the animal ethical point of view, to encounter the This demand becomes a moral obligation to humanity. If the morality of this ethical obligation to be transferred to the Law on the stiff, not to be the subject of law from ethics to the conversion, then this ethical obligation , can be understood in the law on animals must follow the will of man to be variety to animals, people to meet this behavior becomes the animal rights and legal obligations. Since the welfare of animals, the right to demand that ethical requirements are roomy, Therefore, if not subject into such a wide range of ethical requirements to the law on the right to become a boundless laborious to meet the animals of human rights. This is not pragmatic. because the law of human evolution, if people put aside interests and the legislative body of the speak about the protection of animals, and even the legal rights of animals, not only no nice to mankind, is not profitable to continuing to give animals human beings with full benefits. Therefore, the ethics of animal rights, the Law on must be modified to the possibility and feasibility of adjusting filtering and processing.
Panda burning annoy namely no necessarily
Awards yearly economic animals : pig beef prices arresting up with house prices
Award words: it completed a life of its economy issues .
annual Image Awards animals : Panda flaming annoy is not necessarily
A recluse,beijing escort, and too may be the panda ...
Awards words: the image of it to effect its subversion of a web .
Year Award sentimental animal : dolphin
it extinct
Award words: person Masterpiece .
annual Food Awards :
paper filling buns , steamed buns
Awards words: Another art of humanity .
Annual Intern Award : A Unicom Unicom his internship intern
One daytime an age man came in,guangzhou massage, almost face ashore to sentence ,beijing massage, Awards words: brief to show the fierce championship in telegraph communications .
Classic Woman of the Year Award Language :
afterward life I must be a man reborn , and then marry a female like me .
Award words: with the A concept to solve married problems along time and space .
annual medals observance event :
girlfriend upstairs to mattress a girl after buying edible to work, even to look Shun Kouwen the sentence: ;
GIRL replied: The physician inquired the patient how fractures , the patient said ,shanghai escort,my mother also it sordid, I consider there are dirt shoes , shoes for move leaning poles , TMD has a bastard that I am one electric impact via there , and then catching the union gave me 2 sticks !
Awards words: devotion for the arts .
Year Award animal teams : vole Microtus row
20亿只Lake .
Award words: The East is Red , revival .
Award words: it completed a life of its economy issues .
annual Image Awards animals : Panda flaming annoy is not necessarily
A recluse,beijing escort, and too may be the panda ...
Awards words: the image of it to effect its subversion of a web .
Year Award sentimental animal : dolphin
it extinct
Award words: person Masterpiece .
annual Food Awards :
paper filling buns , steamed buns
Awards words: Another art of humanity .
Annual Intern Award : A Unicom Unicom his internship intern
One daytime an age man came in,guangzhou massage, almost face ashore to sentence ,beijing massage, Awards words: brief to show the fierce championship in telegraph communications .
Classic Woman of the Year Award Language :
afterward life I must be a man reborn , and then marry a female like me .
Award words: with the A concept to solve married problems along time and space .
annual medals observance event :
girlfriend upstairs to mattress a girl after buying edible to work, even to look Shun Kouwen the sentence: ;
GIRL replied: The physician inquired the patient how fractures , the patient said ,shanghai escort,my mother also it sordid, I consider there are dirt shoes , shoes for move leaning poles , TMD has a bastard that I am one electric impact via there , and then catching the union gave me 2 sticks !
Awards words: devotion for the arts .
Year Award animal teams : vole Microtus row
20亿只Lake .
Award words: The East is Red , revival .
the maximum caustic normal disasters
China's extensive state, the complexity of natural climatic conditions, plant variety, rich in forest resources, forest type variety, with a explicit zonal distribution. Forest types from north to south were coniferous forest, mixed coniferous and deciduous broad-leaved forest evergreen broad-leaved forest, monsoon forest and rainforest. According to the Sixth National Forest Resource Inventory (1999-2003) results, the national forest area 174,909,200 hectares, compared with the fifth national forest catalogue (1994-1998) to increase 15,968,300 hectares; forest coverage 18.2%, compared with the fifth national forest resource catalogue increased by 1.7 percentage points; total standing stock 13.618 billion cubic meters, 12.456 billion cubic meters of forest growing stock. The per capita forest area is 0.132 ha per capita forest stock 9.421 cubic meters. the average annual web growth of forest is 497 million cubic meters of annual logging of 365 million cubic meters.
pests and diseases in an area of 11,412,000 hectares, of which 8.462 million hectares area of insect pests, disease, an area of 1,151,000 hectares, rat ( hare) damage area of 1,508,000 hectares, an area of 291,000 hectares of harmful plants. National Forest area of 7,611,000 hectares pest control for the accident of an area of 66.7%, of which 6.111 million hectares pollution prevention and control forest pests disaster .2008 rate of 1.6 p; pollution hindrance and control rate of 80.3%; seed rate of 94.0% and quarantine; forecast precision of 85.0%.
forest blaze from a total of 14,144 forest fires (including: forest fire 8,458, the general fire 5,673, the major fire 13 along), the total area of 184,495 hectares of fire affected forest area of 52,539.1 hectares, 174 casualties (dead 97 people and injuring 77 people), the digit of forest fires over the same phase the previous three-year average mushroom of 46.5%, affected forest area decreased 69.2%, year No huge forest fire.
measures and actions to promote
【comprehensive reform of collective forest right system】 June 8, 2008, Opinions .
reform of collective forest right system's overall goal namely to aspects of policy: First, improving the management of forest cutting machinery, the second namely to regulate forest land, forest turnover, three namely to establish public support as collective forestry development finance system, the four forestry investment and financing reform is to enhance the five is to strengthen the forestry community service. < br> 【】 key forestry projects in 2008, the completion of key forestry area of 3,438,500 hectares afforestation, an increase of 28.2%, accounting for 64.2% of the total afforestation area. Among them, 1.886 million ha afforestation, aerial sowing and 146,700 ha No new forest and woodland to closed forest 1,405,800 ha.
natural forest protection project completed construction of 1.009 million hectares of the forests, of which: 191,600 ha of artificial forest, aerial seeding 66,700 ha, no new forest and open woodland Closing 750,600 ha. and management for an area of 103,642,000 hectares.
Grain for Green Project afforested area 1,307,300 hectares (including Beijing and Tianjin sandstorm source control projects in the 117,000 ha), of which 12,000 hectares farmland to forest, supporting forest 939,800 hectares of barren hills and wasteland, woodland and open forest land without closing off 355,600 hectares of new.
the completion of Beijing and Tianjin sandstorm source control area of 469,000 ha forest, of which 198,100 hectares of artificial afforestation, aerial seeding 66,700 ha, no Closure of woodland and open forest land 204,200 hectares of new. Grassland area of 180,700 hectares of small river valley area of 92,700 hectares, governance, to 742,400 hectares the total area. mansion water conservancy facilities 17,300, the number reached 1.03 million ecological migrants, comprised in 3179.
and the Yangtze River Three North Shelterbelt Development such as afforestation area of 766,200 hectares, of which 628,600 hectares of pretended afforestation, aerial seeding 13,300 ha, no fashionable forest and woodland to closed forest 124,200 ha; other too completed the transformation of low-yield inefficient area of 23,100 hectares shelter.
base construction in opener areas the achievement of quick growing timber plantation area of 5294 hectares of quickly growing lumber,beijing escort, of which an area of 3975 hectares of sterile mounds and wilderness afforestation, reforestation area of 1319 hectares; dissimilar civilization change area of 41,800 hectares.
comprehensive manipulation project in 2008, desertification, karst rocky desertification area flat implementation of Comprehensive Plan, the central investment of 400 million yuan in the forest management project management tasks 26,100 ha, accounting for the mission assigned by the State Plan 26%. Among them, the task of closing off 18,200 hectares, accounting for the task assigned by the State Closure plans for 25%; tasks 07,900 ha plantation, afforestation program in the state task assigned 29%.
national grassland prairie
status 400 million hectares, accounting for 41.7% of land area. Tibet, Inner Mongolia, Xinjiang, Qinghai, Sichuan, Gansu, Ningxia, Shaanxi, Guizhou, Yunnan, Guangxi, Chongqing and other twelve provinces (municipalities and autonomous regions) of about 330 million ha grassland area , accounting for 84.4% of grassland area; Liaoning, Jilin and Heilongjiang provinces grassland area of about 017 million hectares, accounting for 4.3%; other provinces 045 million hectares, accounting for 11.3%.
grassland productivity in 2008, the overall growth of the national grassland vegetation close to the position with the previous year. fresh, natural grassland total 947,155,000 tons, equivalent to about 296,268,000 tons of fodder,as our planet, to the previous year, carrying capacity of about 231.78 million sheep unit.
grassland disaster in 2008, the country 251 grassland fires occurred,beijing massage, the affected area of 9895.9 ha grassland, characterizing a reduce of 13.0%. steppe area of 36,guangzhou massage,758,000 hectares damage by rats, accounting for 9.4% of the total area of grassland, down 5.6%. steppe area of 27,007,000 hectares opposition pests, accounting for 6.9% of the total area of grassland, an increase of 53.6%.
the implementation of measures and actions
【】 grassland protection and construction of major projects in 2008, the state in Inner Mongolia, Sichuan, Gansu, Ningxia, Qinghai, Tibet, Xinjiang, Yunnan, Guizhou and Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, the implementation of grassland restoration project,beijing massage, invest in 15 billion yuan to build 5.228 million ha grassland fence, carrying out desertification control 27,000 hectares of seriously degraded grassland reseeding 1.569 million hectares implementation. In Beijing, Inner Mongolia, Shanxi, Hebei, Beijing and Tianjin sandstorm source implementation of the Grassland project, invested 390 million yuan, 236,000 ha grassland management and building stalls for 1.21 million square meters, the configuration of forage processing machinery 25 540 sets.
through the implementation of the project, project area grassland vegetation coverage, altitude, and a substantial increase in fresh yield, improved grassland ecological environment, infrastructure construction has been strengthened, forcible changes grassland animal husbandry practices.
climate and natural disasters, weather conditions
2008, China cold winter weather is represented primarily, lukewarm spring, summer and wet. 1951 annual average temperature for the warmest since 7 years, 12 successive warm years, the average annual rainfall above customary, precipitation for the quondam 10 years, maximum of the annual However, a colossal step change. In general, the starting of 2008, the South underwent a infrequent chilly than snow and ice storms, primarily caustic losses, the National Drought affected zone is small, partial detriment of downpour and overrun light, light and heat conditions are generally conducive to the growth of crops development, climate year for preference than normal.
distribution of precipitation in 2008, China's average annual precipitation is 651.3 mm, 38.4 mm high side than normal for the past 10 years, most of the year precipitation. uneven spatial distribution of annual precipitation, and most areas south of the Yellow River in Asian North China, Northeast China in the southeastern chapter of usually 500 mm or more, compared with the year circular, northwest and northeast west, southwest of North China, Northeast north, south east of beneath normal rainfall in some areas, including parts of Xinjiang district, western Gansu and other places than normal 20% to 50% less than normal; Inner Mongolia, Qinghai, western, central Tibet, central and southern Guangxi, Guangdong and other locations south-west the lofty side of 20% to 50%, 50% above normal in some areas.
national delivery of anniversary precipitation (mm)
temperature distribution in mid-2008 the average temperature 9.6 ℃, higher than normal level, 0.7 ℃, since 1951 the 7th warmest year, is also the 12th consecutive year high. High temperatures in most areas of the country or close to year-round, in which north-central and eastern Inner Mongolia, Northeast China, Xinjiang and other places in northern and eastern high 1 ~ 2 ℃. In addition to lower than normal in Guangxi, Guangdong, Hainan, near normal, the other provinces (municipalities and autonomous regions) the average temperature than the normal level, where the average temperature of the history of Heilongjiang second maximum amount.
changes over the years the national annual average temperature (℃)
natural disasters in addition to the beginning of meteorological disasters in 2008 suffered a rare snow storm Southern disasters, has suffered serious losses, the National Drought affected area is small, rainstorm and flood losses lighter, climate preference than normal year for weather disasters .2008 direct economic loss of more than 3100 billion yuan, higher than that since 1991 the average level, where snow and ice disaster losses of 151 billion yuan, nearly total loss of meteorological disasters in 2008 to 50%; death tolls of more than 1,700 people, compared with nearly 10 years the average level was reduced. area of affected crops from the National Statistics point of outlook, freezing and snow, drought is the main meteorological disasters in 2008, the total affected area of the affected area were 39% and 30%; freezing and snow was significantly higher than in 2007.
mm low temperature and freezing and snow In 2008, due to freezing and the snow disaster caused a total crop area of nearly 15 million hectares affected, more than 1590 billion yuan in direct economic losses, especially in Southern China in snow and ice disasters suffered its great economic loss, affected as many as 50 people the most years of similar disasters, but also a diversity of meteorological disasters in 2008 living first in the loss.
1 月 10 日 至 2 2 March, most particularly in the South China region appears four times, the process of snow and freezing weather, cooling amplitude, abnormal snowfall above normal, long period, affecting covering nearly 2 / 3 of the provinces (municipalities and autonomous regions), south of the country besides South, Northeast and central and southern Yunnan and other places appearance the freezing weather in most parts are there, to the transportation, power transmission, communications facilities, agricultural and serious impact on people's lives and losses of crops were affected area of 1100 million hectares, the affected population of 1 billion people, the direct economic losses of more than 1,500 billion yuan, and caused electricity to run unfortunate effects.
mm rainstorm and flood in 2008, early summer and the Xiangjiang River Basin upstream of solemn floods; summer, Yangtze River and Huaihe River valley heavy rainfall occurs, local ponderous rains; fall, the South emerged the most since 1951 muscular autumn, autumn floods occurred in some areas and landslides, debris flow and additional geological risks; September, heavy rains buffet the Sichuan earthquake and landslide, debris stream hit. Overall, in 2008 China has been no widespread severe storm floods, merely local rainstorm and flood disasters, flood disasters outstanding. misadventure, compared with nearly 10 years, economic losses of lighter rain floods, the necrosis toll less than normal.
mm arid 2008, the Northeast, North China and other places severe winter and Drought; Northwest , North China and other places a staged summer droughts. Generally speaking, China increase to intermittent droughts in some northern regions, local severe drought, the rest does no appear in most areas a wide scope of severe and persistent droughts, arid areas were also small , disaster lighter.
mm dust storms in spring 2008, the average dust days in northern China was 1.7 days earlier than normal (average 5.5 days) 3.8 days less than normal, since the spring of 1961 the number of dust at the second year of less only more than 2005 (1.4 days) over the same period. spring in northern China there were 9 dust weather process, the same period than normal (2000-2007 average of 13.8 times) was significantly less than normal: one 1 sandstorm, sandstorms 6 , 2 blowing process. spring compared with the previous year, the number was less than normal dust, the intensity is weaker.
mm tropical cyclone and lightning in 2008, 10 tropical cyclones (air approach the center g8 class) landing in China, more than usual 3. the time of landfall early, landing a high proportion of historical records are broken, and has a strong intensity landing (with 6 or more landing and reached typhoon strength), landing time to focus on, but the extent of small (mainly affecting the coastal provinces, quite few inland) and so on. leaving a total of 170 deaths (including missing persons), more than 320 billion yuan in direct economic losses, economic losses caused by light in the past 10 years the average level number of deaths is also less than the average of the past 10 years. Bureau of strong convective weather occurred frequently, Hubei, Gansu, Hebei, Hunan and other provinces hard-hit, leaving a total of 56 deaths, the number of casualties caused by lightning strikes over a year was significantly less than normal .
China earthquake M ≥ 5 earthquakes occurred 99 times, including: 8.0 earthquakes 1, 7.0 to 7.9 magnitude shiver 1, 6.0 to 6.9 earthquake 19 times, from 5.0 to 5.9 earthquake 78 times; 87 continental region, the sea and the Taiwan region 12 times. Wenchuan earthquake 8.0 importance earthquakes in the sequence 1, 6.0 8 6.9 earthquake, 5.0 ~ 5.9 earthquake 34, the mainland accounted for more than 5.0 earthquake half of the number.
17 times in mainland China earthquake disaster accidents. which is a 8.0 earthquake in 30 years China suffered the worst earthquake in nearly 10 years, the most severe normal disasters, dispose of strong intensity to Ⅺ degrees, bring an end to ...the country, South Asia, Southeast Asia, have felt. Sichuan, Gansu, Shaanxi, Chongqing, Yunnan, Ningxia and other places affected to altering degrees, involving 244 counties (cities, zones), 5,176 townships (towns), affected area of 440,400 square kilometers, population of 10,487.22 million related to the disaster area, of which nearly 7 million deaths, 370,000 wounded, nearly 2 million people missing, the affected population 3362.37 million people, the earthquake caused 852.3 billion yuan in direct economic losses.
16 other earthquake disasters, which caused 56 deaths and 1227 people were harmed, some 243.53 million people were affected, the affected area of about 60,841 square kilometers, the direct economic loss of 7.187 billion yuan.
there were a crowd of geological disasters 2.7 million from geological disasters, resulting in 1598 casualties, including 656 deaths, 101 lacking, causing direct economic losses of 3.27 billion yuan. successful avoidance 478 geological disasters, the safe transmit of 2.1 million people, 3.2 billion in direct economic losses avoided.
sailor disasters in 2008, there were storm surge, waves, sea ice, 134 red tide and other maritime disasters, the tsunami disaster did not occur. Oceanic disasters caused a direct economic loss of 20.605 billion yuan, deaths (including missing) 152. which , storm tides of 25 times, direct economic loss of 19.224 billion yuan, deaths (including missing) 56; sea disaster 33 times, direct economic losses of 055 million yuan, deaths (including missing) 96; lighter than normal ice hazards, direct economic loss of 002 million yuan; 68 ruddy tides, direct economic losses of 002 million yuan; saltwater intrusion from the event 8.
measures and actions to strengthen meteorological disasters
【multi-sectoral emergency response and the State Council ministries and commissions to carry out joint】 emergency response, and common ward of meteorological disasters. China Meteorological Administration and the transportation, water conservancy, agriculture and other departments to give full activity to weather for transportation, flood control and drought, agricultural making features and role of services, timely refresh contingency plans put ahead proposals to do emergency state Summary information under, comprehensive coordination and elimination services. CMA launched the emergency response 15 times, a aggregate of up to 113 days the emergency response time, involving 15 provinces. in the meteorological department and the active efforts of local governments to mainly dwindle the temperature snow and ice storms, typhoons, heavy rain, speedy and other severe weather caused casualties and attribute losses.
Republic of China Earthquake Disaster Mitigation Act Amendment 【】 December 27, 2008 Eleventh Standing Committee VI conference examined and adopted the revised , post-earthquake reconstruction and other content has been modified and improved.
【seismic monitoring network and emergency command technology system With China Digital Earthquake Observation Network project approval, the National Seismic Network station number has increased from 48 to 150, the local seismic network of 21 to 31, more than 90% of the mainland area average monitoring capacity from 4.5 to 3.0 level, focusing most of China earthquake surveillance and protection zone, the densely populated coastal areas of major cities and the eastern 2.0 earthquake monitoring capacity. net earthquake rapid report shrank to 12 minutes. were completed 1 set of the State Council earthquake relief headquarters emergency command systems, a level of 15 local earthquake emergency systems, two types of regional earthquake 16 Emergency Command Technology System, 21 sets of earthquake site mobile emergency command systems, 60 major cities earthquake emergency response system and decision-making 30 regional earthquake emergency material storeroom, the initial formation of a national integrated, structured and common synergy of the Chinese Earthquake Emergency conductor technology system.
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Department of Environmental Protection was established
2008 年 3 15, for the greater environmental policy, planning and coordinated efforts of major issues, the conference, judged to set up the environment Protection Department. The main duties of the Ministry of Environmental Protection to develop and organize the implementation of environmental plans, policies and standards, organizational readiness of environmental function zoning, supervision and management of environmental pollution control, coordinate and solve major environmental problems. in the State Council reform, the environment Protection Department is the only accommodate from directly under the State Council, composed of sector creations, entirely include the party and the country attached large importance to environmental protection. Department of Environmental Protection set up career development in environmental protection is important, historic transformation of environmental protection has a major role in promoting.
2008 年 7 11, the first batch of the State Council issued the changing functions, cancellation and devolution of administrative acceptance items related to a decrease of technical, clerical work, and further rationalize the division of responsibilities between departments, and strengthen the overall coordination and macro control, supervision and law enforcement and public service functions; added Chief Engineer , nuclear safety engineer and pollutant emission control, Division of Environmental Monitoring Division, Publicity and Education and other three inner apparatuses, an increase of 50 staffing, executive capability has been further strengthened.
three elementary strategic project smoothly
examine of pollution sources, the Chinese macro-environment, strategic research and the The household survey phase. and environmental protection departments at all levels of government work attach to focus their efforts on staff training, family survey, monitoring, technical verification, audit checks of five correlates, the manifold types of printed census forms, A citizen census of pollution sources Manual more than 50 million Members and other input to complete the industrial pollution, agricultural pollution, alive sources of pollution and pollution control facilities, centralized household survey and data entry work.
Strategy of China's macro-environment has been basically completed. intended a , scientific development, environmental security, ecological civilization and made a catena of policy recommendations for improving the environmental management system, sort out, Water Commission and the Ministry of Finance formally accepted the implementation of special procedures. project, with 105 issues. Ministry of Finance organized a special water projects were launched in 2008 reiterate, the special validation of water in 2008 expenditure budget of 480 million yuan the central government, and the first start-up asset allocated 144 million.
Sichuan earthquake environmental emergency
2008 年 5 月 12 日 8.0 earthquake occurred in Wenchuan County in Sichuan Province. After the disaster, the CPC Central Committee and State Council attached great importance to the general secretary *** made important directions, the State Council Premier Wen Jiabao was established to relief for the commander's headquarters, and set up relevant departments, naval, armed police and local party committees and governments responsible for human to participate in the salvage group, forecast monitoring groups, health groups, group life, resettlement, infrastructure group, the production recovery group , security groups, advocacy groups and other disaster relief working group 8. in agreement with the unified arrangements of the central authorities, the Environmental Protection Department of the hardest hit most of the shire and township industrial and mining enterprises, sewage treatment plants, landfills and other environmental protection facilities damage were investigated to guide disaster relief work, to discourage a crowd of secondary contamination occurred.
Environmental Protection Ministry launched the emergency plan for the first time, a affirmative response, in the affected areas to ensure environmental safety results. First, the development on the drinking water source protection and water quality monitoring, remedial waste disposal, transitional settlement sewage and garbage disposal areas, dangerous wastes and dangerous chemicals such as 37 emergency clean-up technical guidelines and regulatory documents, as disaster areas to invest a strong pollution prevention technical support. Second, the timely investigation and environmental risks, timely prevention and control of secondary pollution. focus on nuclear and radiation safety and the safety of drinking water, focusing on investigation and chemical and petrochemical companies, nuclear facilities and radioactive sources, chemical raw matters and oil tanks, sewage treatment plants, landfills, tailings, such as drinking water sources, the investigation enterprises 10237, On the investigation of major environmental hazards are base to take timely preventive and control measures, without causing significant environmental impacts. The third is to carry out emergency response monitoring, control disaster environment. rapid development of the embarked on the reconstruction of the related work. for disaster pestilence prevention agent and antiseptic warmhearted secondhand, carrion exudate, medical waste, pollution and other environmental problems of life build up famous growing menace of environmental pollution, start the Authority's requirements, the Environmental Protection Department, China Meteorological Administration, State Oceanic Administration and Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Shanxi, Inner Mongolia, Shandong six provinces (municipalities and autonomous regions) actively cooperate with the glory of > First, to develop the implementation of the Olympic air quality shields to ensure good air quality during the Olympics. formulated the part of the implementation of a number of enterprises to stop production or abandoned; further limit vehicle vehicle; the construction site to stop work.
The second is to carry out investigation and environmental safety risks. in conjunction with monitoring, agriculture and other sectors and local governments, quality insurance fathom of the project, Beijing, Tianjin and 47 thermal power plant flue gas line monitoring system for networking project completed in time.
third is to strengthen environmental monitoring, maintenance of environmental safety during the Olympic Games. around the drinking water source of Beijing environmental protection and nuclear safety, organizational Beijing , Tianjin, Hebei has launched the .8 7, extreme detrimental weather conditions in Beijing, the Beijing, Tianjin and environmental protection department sent five thousand people, six thousand of the key sources for a comprehensive investigation. Beijing, Tianjin, and Hebei provinces, municipalities adopted emergency control measures, the Beijing Shougang to halt, Yanshan Petrochemical, Beijing 105 polluting enterprises such as concrete or production line; Tianjin 14 companies suspended production and construction, Hebei Province, on the 164 problems, or remediation companies ordered to stop implementation of the finite production, cut measures, emergency shut down 48 cement producers; Inner Mongolia, do not shut down the 37 target enterprises; Shandong on the outstanding pollution control implementation of the 6 generating units outages; Shanxi shut down the six key pollution enterprises.
during the Olympic Games, the Ministry of Environmental Protection in Beijing and surrounding areas observed the city level and above 34, out of 1.5 million people who, for 34 cities conducted a comprehensive air quality monitoring, a total of more than 300 Olympic Check security projects, more than 200 state-controlled enterprises key sources of pollution, the investigation of the more than 10,000 sources of pollution. Beijing and nigh cities in 33 air quality monitoring are more than good, with no significant environmental emergencies.
After numerous exertions, the Olympic Games and Paralympic Games, Beijing wind quality was 100%, compared with a year earlier, sulfur dioxide, respirable particulate matter, carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxide concentration of 4 types of major pollutants down 50%, to fulfill the Olympic Games and Paralympic Games a nice ambient ventilation quality objectives.
sleet and ice storms south of environmental emergency
2008 年 10 January to 2 February, southern China suffered the hundred years of snow and ice storms climate processes, transmission, power displacement, communication facilities were severely damaged. To deal with potential environmental risks, the former State Environmental Protection Administration issued the investigation and environmental ministries have targeted security risks, the focus of drinking water source investigation, residents focused on residential areas and other environmentally emotional areas and pill, chemical and other high-risk enterprise, urging the relevant divisions, applied over time to clear the accumulation of snow melting deputy. when strengthening the supervision of post-disaster environment, carefully check ice storm on the implementation of pollution control to local businesses, online mar monitoring equipment, to strengthen monitoring and near monitoring afterward snowmelt water environmental impacts that may appear to assure the safety of drinking water affected areas. In this times during the snow and ice storms, occurs only a general cause of water pollution incidents caused by deicing salt, no more than a major environmental pollution incident.
br> environment and disaster monitoring and forecasting of small satellite constellation is to strengthen environmental monitoring, disaster mitigation and the first launch of a devoted satellite. The constellation consists of four optical satellites and four synthetic hole radar satellites. with a large range, all-weather, all days, the dynamic environment monitoring capacity .2008 September 6, China Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center Long March II C SMA away with a rocket, the success of Environment One A, B stars) into space. Environment One A, B stars in the resolution by the 2 small optical satellites, a constellation of the first step in building for the establishment of technical support system of environmental protection and laid a solid foundation; to improve the environmental pollution and ecological change, and disaster monitoring, early warning, appraisal, emergency rescue bid system provides a good platform. Meanwhile, China will greatly promote the international commute and environmental protection cooperation.
special operations to carry out environmental conservation, severely crack down on environmental violations
2008 年 local Party committees at all levels, the Government has actively implemented on environmental protection, Vice Premier Li Keqiang, the important instructions of the spirit of the special action, eight departments under the State Council's overall arrangements , depth environmental protection special action. the country has dispatched more than 160 million law enforcement commanders to check the company more than 70 milliin seasons, investigation and 15,000 corporate environmental law, supervise the handling of cases, more than 3,500 cases, more than 100 people were held amenable. focus on Since 2005 all levels supervise the handling of the 28,000 cases in 2007, more than 8,000 paper-making enterprises remediation and drinking water source protection area to carry out the post-inspectors, 97% of cases, supervise the handling of environmental issues have been a comprehensive reform law, 641 industrial policies do not meet the total amount of emissions targets and ultra-paper enterprises closed, 845 primary and secondary protection regions outfall and unlawful construction project was closed down. have been put into action in 1530 urban sewage treatment plants and 935 landfill was surveyed .82.4% of urban sewage treatment plant effluent tin meet the national or local standards, 85.5% of the sewage treatment plant installed in the outlet line monitoring facilities, sewage treatment plant sprinting load average rate additional to 71.8% 76.9%. arrayed more than 100 do not meet the specifications of the solid garbage landfill deadline for amendment. In addition, local environment is also increasing enforcement efforts in key river valleys, the country has improved the overall water quality in major creek valleys. through environmental protection special action to address the a number of public health shock of pollution, and promote the work of pollutant emission reduction, improved environmental quality in some areas.
the implementation of environmental economic policies and deepening
2008, the state promoting green credit, green assurance green trade, environment, green taxes and a series of implementation and deepening of economic policy, reducing the environmental costs of economic growth.
rapid progress in green honor. Department of Environmental Protection, People's Bank, China Banking Regulatory Commission (banking, commercial banking enterprises to adopt environmental law accordingly limited honor, stop credit, resumption of loans and other measures to enhance the corporate governance pollution, defend the environment. Department of Environmental Protection issued the green credit industry navigate to banks, investment institutions in the process of project financing nail environmental risks, enhance environmental protection projects.
green insurance permanence ...
pests and diseases in an area of 11,412,000 hectares, of which 8.462 million hectares area of insect pests, disease, an area of 1,151,000 hectares, rat ( hare) damage area of 1,508,000 hectares, an area of 291,000 hectares of harmful plants. National Forest area of 7,611,000 hectares pest control for the accident of an area of 66.7%, of which 6.111 million hectares pollution prevention and control forest pests disaster .2008 rate of 1.6 p; pollution hindrance and control rate of 80.3%; seed rate of 94.0% and quarantine; forecast precision of 85.0%.
forest blaze from a total of 14,144 forest fires (including: forest fire 8,458, the general fire 5,673, the major fire 13 along), the total area of 184,495 hectares of fire affected forest area of 52,539.1 hectares, 174 casualties (dead 97 people and injuring 77 people), the digit of forest fires over the same phase the previous three-year average mushroom of 46.5%, affected forest area decreased 69.2%, year No huge forest fire.
measures and actions to promote
【comprehensive reform of collective forest right system】 June 8, 2008, Opinions .
reform of collective forest right system's overall goal namely to aspects of policy: First, improving the management of forest cutting machinery, the second namely to regulate forest land, forest turnover, three namely to establish public support as collective forestry development finance system, the four forestry investment and financing reform is to enhance the five is to strengthen the forestry community service. < br> 【】 key forestry projects in 2008, the completion of key forestry area of 3,438,500 hectares afforestation, an increase of 28.2%, accounting for 64.2% of the total afforestation area. Among them, 1.886 million ha afforestation, aerial sowing and 146,700 ha No new forest and woodland to closed forest 1,405,800 ha.
natural forest protection project completed construction of 1.009 million hectares of the forests, of which: 191,600 ha of artificial forest, aerial seeding 66,700 ha, no new forest and open woodland Closing 750,600 ha. and management for an area of 103,642,000 hectares.
Grain for Green Project afforested area 1,307,300 hectares (including Beijing and Tianjin sandstorm source control projects in the 117,000 ha), of which 12,000 hectares farmland to forest, supporting forest 939,800 hectares of barren hills and wasteland, woodland and open forest land without closing off 355,600 hectares of new.
the completion of Beijing and Tianjin sandstorm source control area of 469,000 ha forest, of which 198,100 hectares of artificial afforestation, aerial seeding 66,700 ha, no Closure of woodland and open forest land 204,200 hectares of new. Grassland area of 180,700 hectares of small river valley area of 92,700 hectares, governance, to 742,400 hectares the total area. mansion water conservancy facilities 17,300, the number reached 1.03 million ecological migrants, comprised in 3179.
and the Yangtze River Three North Shelterbelt Development such as afforestation area of 766,200 hectares, of which 628,600 hectares of pretended afforestation, aerial seeding 13,300 ha, no fashionable forest and woodland to closed forest 124,200 ha; other too completed the transformation of low-yield inefficient area of 23,100 hectares shelter.
base construction in opener areas the achievement of quick growing timber plantation area of 5294 hectares of quickly growing lumber,beijing escort, of which an area of 3975 hectares of sterile mounds and wilderness afforestation, reforestation area of 1319 hectares; dissimilar civilization change area of 41,800 hectares.
comprehensive manipulation project in 2008, desertification, karst rocky desertification area flat implementation of Comprehensive Plan, the central investment of 400 million yuan in the forest management project management tasks 26,100 ha, accounting for the mission assigned by the State Plan 26%. Among them, the task of closing off 18,200 hectares, accounting for the task assigned by the State Closure plans for 25%; tasks 07,900 ha plantation, afforestation program in the state task assigned 29%.
national grassland prairie
status 400 million hectares, accounting for 41.7% of land area. Tibet, Inner Mongolia, Xinjiang, Qinghai, Sichuan, Gansu, Ningxia, Shaanxi, Guizhou, Yunnan, Guangxi, Chongqing and other twelve provinces (municipalities and autonomous regions) of about 330 million ha grassland area , accounting for 84.4% of grassland area; Liaoning, Jilin and Heilongjiang provinces grassland area of about 017 million hectares, accounting for 4.3%; other provinces 045 million hectares, accounting for 11.3%.
grassland productivity in 2008, the overall growth of the national grassland vegetation close to the position with the previous year. fresh, natural grassland total 947,155,000 tons, equivalent to about 296,268,000 tons of fodder,as our planet, to the previous year, carrying capacity of about 231.78 million sheep unit.
grassland disaster in 2008, the country 251 grassland fires occurred,beijing massage, the affected area of 9895.9 ha grassland, characterizing a reduce of 13.0%. steppe area of 36,guangzhou massage,758,000 hectares damage by rats, accounting for 9.4% of the total area of grassland, down 5.6%. steppe area of 27,007,000 hectares opposition pests, accounting for 6.9% of the total area of grassland, an increase of 53.6%.
the implementation of measures and actions
【】 grassland protection and construction of major projects in 2008, the state in Inner Mongolia, Sichuan, Gansu, Ningxia, Qinghai, Tibet, Xinjiang, Yunnan, Guizhou and Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, the implementation of grassland restoration project,beijing massage, invest in 15 billion yuan to build 5.228 million ha grassland fence, carrying out desertification control 27,000 hectares of seriously degraded grassland reseeding 1.569 million hectares implementation. In Beijing, Inner Mongolia, Shanxi, Hebei, Beijing and Tianjin sandstorm source implementation of the Grassland project, invested 390 million yuan, 236,000 ha grassland management and building stalls for 1.21 million square meters, the configuration of forage processing machinery 25 540 sets.
through the implementation of the project, project area grassland vegetation coverage, altitude, and a substantial increase in fresh yield, improved grassland ecological environment, infrastructure construction has been strengthened, forcible changes grassland animal husbandry practices.
climate and natural disasters, weather conditions
2008, China cold winter weather is represented primarily, lukewarm spring, summer and wet. 1951 annual average temperature for the warmest since 7 years, 12 successive warm years, the average annual rainfall above customary, precipitation for the quondam 10 years, maximum of the annual However, a colossal step change. In general, the starting of 2008, the South underwent a infrequent chilly than snow and ice storms, primarily caustic losses, the National Drought affected zone is small, partial detriment of downpour and overrun light, light and heat conditions are generally conducive to the growth of crops development, climate year for preference than normal.
distribution of precipitation in 2008, China's average annual precipitation is 651.3 mm, 38.4 mm high side than normal for the past 10 years, most of the year precipitation. uneven spatial distribution of annual precipitation, and most areas south of the Yellow River in Asian North China, Northeast China in the southeastern chapter of usually 500 mm or more, compared with the year circular, northwest and northeast west, southwest of North China, Northeast north, south east of beneath normal rainfall in some areas, including parts of Xinjiang district, western Gansu and other places than normal 20% to 50% less than normal; Inner Mongolia, Qinghai, western, central Tibet, central and southern Guangxi, Guangdong and other locations south-west the lofty side of 20% to 50%, 50% above normal in some areas.
national delivery of anniversary precipitation (mm)
temperature distribution in mid-2008 the average temperature 9.6 ℃, higher than normal level, 0.7 ℃, since 1951 the 7th warmest year, is also the 12th consecutive year high. High temperatures in most areas of the country or close to year-round, in which north-central and eastern Inner Mongolia, Northeast China, Xinjiang and other places in northern and eastern high 1 ~ 2 ℃. In addition to lower than normal in Guangxi, Guangdong, Hainan, near normal, the other provinces (municipalities and autonomous regions) the average temperature than the normal level, where the average temperature of the history of Heilongjiang second maximum amount.
changes over the years the national annual average temperature (℃)
natural disasters in addition to the beginning of meteorological disasters in 2008 suffered a rare snow storm Southern disasters, has suffered serious losses, the National Drought affected area is small, rainstorm and flood losses lighter, climate preference than normal year for weather disasters .2008 direct economic loss of more than 3100 billion yuan, higher than that since 1991 the average level, where snow and ice disaster losses of 151 billion yuan, nearly total loss of meteorological disasters in 2008 to 50%; death tolls of more than 1,700 people, compared with nearly 10 years the average level was reduced. area of affected crops from the National Statistics point of outlook, freezing and snow, drought is the main meteorological disasters in 2008, the total affected area of the affected area were 39% and 30%; freezing and snow was significantly higher than in 2007.
mm low temperature and freezing and snow In 2008, due to freezing and the snow disaster caused a total crop area of nearly 15 million hectares affected, more than 1590 billion yuan in direct economic losses, especially in Southern China in snow and ice disasters suffered its great economic loss, affected as many as 50 people the most years of similar disasters, but also a diversity of meteorological disasters in 2008 living first in the loss.
1 月 10 日 至 2 2 March, most particularly in the South China region appears four times, the process of snow and freezing weather, cooling amplitude, abnormal snowfall above normal, long period, affecting covering nearly 2 / 3 of the provinces (municipalities and autonomous regions), south of the country besides South, Northeast and central and southern Yunnan and other places appearance the freezing weather in most parts are there, to the transportation, power transmission, communications facilities, agricultural and serious impact on people's lives and losses of crops were affected area of 1100 million hectares, the affected population of 1 billion people, the direct economic losses of more than 1,500 billion yuan, and caused electricity to run unfortunate effects.
mm rainstorm and flood in 2008, early summer and the Xiangjiang River Basin upstream of solemn floods; summer, Yangtze River and Huaihe River valley heavy rainfall occurs, local ponderous rains; fall, the South emerged the most since 1951 muscular autumn, autumn floods occurred in some areas and landslides, debris flow and additional geological risks; September, heavy rains buffet the Sichuan earthquake and landslide, debris stream hit. Overall, in 2008 China has been no widespread severe storm floods, merely local rainstorm and flood disasters, flood disasters outstanding. misadventure, compared with nearly 10 years, economic losses of lighter rain floods, the necrosis toll less than normal.
mm arid 2008, the Northeast, North China and other places severe winter and Drought; Northwest , North China and other places a staged summer droughts. Generally speaking, China increase to intermittent droughts in some northern regions, local severe drought, the rest does no appear in most areas a wide scope of severe and persistent droughts, arid areas were also small , disaster lighter.
mm dust storms in spring 2008, the average dust days in northern China was 1.7 days earlier than normal (average 5.5 days) 3.8 days less than normal, since the spring of 1961 the number of dust at the second year of less only more than 2005 (1.4 days) over the same period. spring in northern China there were 9 dust weather process, the same period than normal (2000-2007 average of 13.8 times) was significantly less than normal: one 1 sandstorm, sandstorms 6 , 2 blowing process. spring compared with the previous year, the number was less than normal dust, the intensity is weaker.
mm tropical cyclone and lightning in 2008, 10 tropical cyclones (air approach the center g8 class) landing in China, more than usual 3. the time of landfall early, landing a high proportion of historical records are broken, and has a strong intensity landing (with 6 or more landing and reached typhoon strength), landing time to focus on, but the extent of small (mainly affecting the coastal provinces, quite few inland) and so on. leaving a total of 170 deaths (including missing persons), more than 320 billion yuan in direct economic losses, economic losses caused by light in the past 10 years the average level number of deaths is also less than the average of the past 10 years. Bureau of strong convective weather occurred frequently, Hubei, Gansu, Hebei, Hunan and other provinces hard-hit, leaving a total of 56 deaths, the number of casualties caused by lightning strikes over a year was significantly less than normal .
China earthquake M ≥ 5 earthquakes occurred 99 times, including: 8.0 earthquakes 1, 7.0 to 7.9 magnitude shiver 1, 6.0 to 6.9 earthquake 19 times, from 5.0 to 5.9 earthquake 78 times; 87 continental region, the sea and the Taiwan region 12 times. Wenchuan earthquake 8.0 importance earthquakes in the sequence 1, 6.0 8 6.9 earthquake, 5.0 ~ 5.9 earthquake 34, the mainland accounted for more than 5.0 earthquake half of the number.
17 times in mainland China earthquake disaster accidents. which is a 8.0 earthquake in 30 years China suffered the worst earthquake in nearly 10 years, the most severe normal disasters, dispose of strong intensity to Ⅺ degrees, bring an end to ...the country, South Asia, Southeast Asia, have felt. Sichuan, Gansu, Shaanxi, Chongqing, Yunnan, Ningxia and other places affected to altering degrees, involving 244 counties (cities, zones), 5,176 townships (towns), affected area of 440,400 square kilometers, population of 10,487.22 million related to the disaster area, of which nearly 7 million deaths, 370,000 wounded, nearly 2 million people missing, the affected population 3362.37 million people, the earthquake caused 852.3 billion yuan in direct economic losses.
16 other earthquake disasters, which caused 56 deaths and 1227 people were harmed, some 243.53 million people were affected, the affected area of about 60,841 square kilometers, the direct economic loss of 7.187 billion yuan.
there were a crowd of geological disasters 2.7 million from geological disasters, resulting in 1598 casualties, including 656 deaths, 101 lacking, causing direct economic losses of 3.27 billion yuan. successful avoidance 478 geological disasters, the safe transmit of 2.1 million people, 3.2 billion in direct economic losses avoided.
sailor disasters in 2008, there were storm surge, waves, sea ice, 134 red tide and other maritime disasters, the tsunami disaster did not occur. Oceanic disasters caused a direct economic loss of 20.605 billion yuan, deaths (including missing) 152. which , storm tides of 25 times, direct economic loss of 19.224 billion yuan, deaths (including missing) 56; sea disaster 33 times, direct economic losses of 055 million yuan, deaths (including missing) 96; lighter than normal ice hazards, direct economic loss of 002 million yuan; 68 ruddy tides, direct economic losses of 002 million yuan; saltwater intrusion from the event 8.
measures and actions to strengthen meteorological disasters
【multi-sectoral emergency response and the State Council ministries and commissions to carry out joint】 emergency response, and common ward of meteorological disasters. China Meteorological Administration and the transportation, water conservancy, agriculture and other departments to give full activity to weather for transportation, flood control and drought, agricultural making features and role of services, timely refresh contingency plans put ahead proposals to do emergency state Summary information under, comprehensive coordination and elimination services. CMA launched the emergency response 15 times, a aggregate of up to 113 days the emergency response time, involving 15 provinces. in the meteorological department and the active efforts of local governments to mainly dwindle the temperature snow and ice storms, typhoons, heavy rain, speedy and other severe weather caused casualties and attribute losses.
Republic of China Earthquake Disaster Mitigation Act Amendment 【】 December 27, 2008 Eleventh Standing Committee VI conference examined and adopted the revised , post-earthquake reconstruction and other content has been modified and improved.
【seismic monitoring network and emergency command technology system With China Digital Earthquake Observation Network project approval, the National Seismic Network station number has increased from 48 to 150, the local seismic network of 21 to 31, more than 90% of the mainland area average monitoring capacity from 4.5 to 3.0 level, focusing most of China earthquake surveillance and protection zone, the densely populated coastal areas of major cities and the eastern 2.0 earthquake monitoring capacity. net earthquake rapid report shrank to 12 minutes. were completed 1 set of the State Council earthquake relief headquarters emergency command systems, a level of 15 local earthquake emergency systems, two types of regional earthquake 16 Emergency Command Technology System, 21 sets of earthquake site mobile emergency command systems, 60 major cities earthquake emergency response system and decision-making 30 regional earthquake emergency material storeroom, the initial formation of a national integrated, structured and common synergy of the Chinese Earthquake Emergency conductor technology system.
column
Department of Environmental Protection was established
2008 年 3 15, for the greater environmental policy, planning and coordinated efforts of major issues, the conference, judged to set up the environment Protection Department. The main duties of the Ministry of Environmental Protection to develop and organize the implementation of environmental plans, policies and standards, organizational readiness of environmental function zoning, supervision and management of environmental pollution control, coordinate and solve major environmental problems. in the State Council reform, the environment Protection Department is the only accommodate from directly under the State Council, composed of sector creations, entirely include the party and the country attached large importance to environmental protection. Department of Environmental Protection set up career development in environmental protection is important, historic transformation of environmental protection has a major role in promoting.
2008 年 7 11, the first batch of the State Council issued the changing functions, cancellation and devolution of administrative acceptance items related to a decrease of technical, clerical work, and further rationalize the division of responsibilities between departments, and strengthen the overall coordination and macro control, supervision and law enforcement and public service functions; added Chief Engineer , nuclear safety engineer and pollutant emission control, Division of Environmental Monitoring Division, Publicity and Education and other three inner apparatuses, an increase of 50 staffing, executive capability has been further strengthened.
three elementary strategic project smoothly
examine of pollution sources, the Chinese macro-environment, strategic research and the The household survey phase. and environmental protection departments at all levels of government work attach to focus their efforts on staff training, family survey, monitoring, technical verification, audit checks of five correlates, the manifold types of printed census forms, A citizen census of pollution sources Manual more than 50 million Members and other input to complete the industrial pollution, agricultural pollution, alive sources of pollution and pollution control facilities, centralized household survey and data entry work.
Strategy of China's macro-environment has been basically completed. intended a , scientific development, environmental security, ecological civilization and made a catena of policy recommendations for improving the environmental management system, sort out, Water Commission and the Ministry of Finance formally accepted the implementation of special procedures. project, with 105 issues. Ministry of Finance organized a special water projects were launched in 2008 reiterate, the special validation of water in 2008 expenditure budget of 480 million yuan the central government, and the first start-up asset allocated 144 million.
Sichuan earthquake environmental emergency
2008 年 5 月 12 日 8.0 earthquake occurred in Wenchuan County in Sichuan Province. After the disaster, the CPC Central Committee and State Council attached great importance to the general secretary *** made important directions, the State Council Premier Wen Jiabao was established to relief for the commander's headquarters, and set up relevant departments, naval, armed police and local party committees and governments responsible for human to participate in the salvage group, forecast monitoring groups, health groups, group life, resettlement, infrastructure group, the production recovery group , security groups, advocacy groups and other disaster relief working group 8. in agreement with the unified arrangements of the central authorities, the Environmental Protection Department of the hardest hit most of the shire and township industrial and mining enterprises, sewage treatment plants, landfills and other environmental protection facilities damage were investigated to guide disaster relief work, to discourage a crowd of secondary contamination occurred.
Environmental Protection Ministry launched the emergency plan for the first time, a affirmative response, in the affected areas to ensure environmental safety results. First, the development on the drinking water source protection and water quality monitoring, remedial waste disposal, transitional settlement sewage and garbage disposal areas, dangerous wastes and dangerous chemicals such as 37 emergency clean-up technical guidelines and regulatory documents, as disaster areas to invest a strong pollution prevention technical support. Second, the timely investigation and environmental risks, timely prevention and control of secondary pollution. focus on nuclear and radiation safety and the safety of drinking water, focusing on investigation and chemical and petrochemical companies, nuclear facilities and radioactive sources, chemical raw matters and oil tanks, sewage treatment plants, landfills, tailings, such as drinking water sources, the investigation enterprises 10237, On the investigation of major environmental hazards are base to take timely preventive and control measures, without causing significant environmental impacts. The third is to carry out emergency response monitoring, control disaster environment. rapid development of the embarked on the reconstruction of the related work. for disaster pestilence prevention agent and antiseptic warmhearted secondhand, carrion exudate, medical waste, pollution and other environmental problems of life build up famous growing menace of environmental pollution, start the Authority's requirements, the Environmental Protection Department, China Meteorological Administration, State Oceanic Administration and Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Shanxi, Inner Mongolia, Shandong six provinces (municipalities and autonomous regions) actively cooperate with the glory of > First, to develop the implementation of the Olympic air quality shields to ensure good air quality during the Olympics. formulated the part of the implementation of a number of enterprises to stop production or abandoned; further limit vehicle vehicle; the construction site to stop work.
The second is to carry out investigation and environmental safety risks. in conjunction with monitoring, agriculture and other sectors and local governments, quality insurance fathom of the project, Beijing, Tianjin and 47 thermal power plant flue gas line monitoring system for networking project completed in time.
third is to strengthen environmental monitoring, maintenance of environmental safety during the Olympic Games. around the drinking water source of Beijing environmental protection and nuclear safety, organizational Beijing , Tianjin, Hebei has launched the .8 7, extreme detrimental weather conditions in Beijing, the Beijing, Tianjin and environmental protection department sent five thousand people, six thousand of the key sources for a comprehensive investigation. Beijing, Tianjin, and Hebei provinces, municipalities adopted emergency control measures, the Beijing Shougang to halt, Yanshan Petrochemical, Beijing 105 polluting enterprises such as concrete or production line; Tianjin 14 companies suspended production and construction, Hebei Province, on the 164 problems, or remediation companies ordered to stop implementation of the finite production, cut measures, emergency shut down 48 cement producers; Inner Mongolia, do not shut down the 37 target enterprises; Shandong on the outstanding pollution control implementation of the 6 generating units outages; Shanxi shut down the six key pollution enterprises.
during the Olympic Games, the Ministry of Environmental Protection in Beijing and surrounding areas observed the city level and above 34, out of 1.5 million people who, for 34 cities conducted a comprehensive air quality monitoring, a total of more than 300 Olympic Check security projects, more than 200 state-controlled enterprises key sources of pollution, the investigation of the more than 10,000 sources of pollution. Beijing and nigh cities in 33 air quality monitoring are more than good, with no significant environmental emergencies.
After numerous exertions, the Olympic Games and Paralympic Games, Beijing wind quality was 100%, compared with a year earlier, sulfur dioxide, respirable particulate matter, carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxide concentration of 4 types of major pollutants down 50%, to fulfill the Olympic Games and Paralympic Games a nice ambient ventilation quality objectives.
sleet and ice storms south of environmental emergency
2008 年 10 January to 2 February, southern China suffered the hundred years of snow and ice storms climate processes, transmission, power displacement, communication facilities were severely damaged. To deal with potential environmental risks, the former State Environmental Protection Administration issued the investigation and environmental ministries have targeted security risks, the focus of drinking water source investigation, residents focused on residential areas and other environmentally emotional areas and pill, chemical and other high-risk enterprise, urging the relevant divisions, applied over time to clear the accumulation of snow melting deputy. when strengthening the supervision of post-disaster environment, carefully check ice storm on the implementation of pollution control to local businesses, online mar monitoring equipment, to strengthen monitoring and near monitoring afterward snowmelt water environmental impacts that may appear to assure the safety of drinking water affected areas. In this times during the snow and ice storms, occurs only a general cause of water pollution incidents caused by deicing salt, no more than a major environmental pollution incident.
br> environment and disaster monitoring and forecasting of small satellite constellation is to strengthen environmental monitoring, disaster mitigation and the first launch of a devoted satellite. The constellation consists of four optical satellites and four synthetic hole radar satellites. with a large range, all-weather, all days, the dynamic environment monitoring capacity .2008 September 6, China Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center Long March II C SMA away with a rocket, the success of Environment One A, B stars) into space. Environment One A, B stars in the resolution by the 2 small optical satellites, a constellation of the first step in building for the establishment of technical support system of environmental protection and laid a solid foundation; to improve the environmental pollution and ecological change, and disaster monitoring, early warning, appraisal, emergency rescue bid system provides a good platform. Meanwhile, China will greatly promote the international commute and environmental protection cooperation.
special operations to carry out environmental conservation, severely crack down on environmental violations
2008 年 local Party committees at all levels, the Government has actively implemented on environmental protection, Vice Premier Li Keqiang, the important instructions of the spirit of the special action, eight departments under the State Council's overall arrangements , depth environmental protection special action. the country has dispatched more than 160 million law enforcement commanders to check the company more than 70 milliin seasons, investigation and 15,000 corporate environmental law, supervise the handling of cases, more than 3,500 cases, more than 100 people were held amenable. focus on Since 2005 all levels supervise the handling of the 28,000 cases in 2007, more than 8,000 paper-making enterprises remediation and drinking water source protection area to carry out the post-inspectors, 97% of cases, supervise the handling of environmental issues have been a comprehensive reform law, 641 industrial policies do not meet the total amount of emissions targets and ultra-paper enterprises closed, 845 primary and secondary protection regions outfall and unlawful construction project was closed down. have been put into action in 1530 urban sewage treatment plants and 935 landfill was surveyed .82.4% of urban sewage treatment plant effluent tin meet the national or local standards, 85.5% of the sewage treatment plant installed in the outlet line monitoring facilities, sewage treatment plant sprinting load average rate additional to 71.8% 76.9%. arrayed more than 100 do not meet the specifications of the solid garbage landfill deadline for amendment. In addition, local environment is also increasing enforcement efforts in key river valleys, the country has improved the overall water quality in major creek valleys. through environmental protection special action to address the a number of public health shock of pollution, and promote the work of pollutant emission reduction, improved environmental quality in some areas.
the implementation of environmental economic policies and deepening
2008, the state promoting green credit, green assurance green trade, environment, green taxes and a series of implementation and deepening of economic policy, reducing the environmental costs of economic growth.
rapid progress in green honor. Department of Environmental Protection, People's Bank, China Banking Regulatory Commission (banking, commercial banking enterprises to adopt environmental law accordingly limited honor, stop credit, resumption of loans and other measures to enhance the corporate governance pollution, defend the environment. Department of Environmental Protection issued the green credit industry navigate to banks, investment institutions in the process of project financing nail environmental risks, enhance environmental protection projects.
green insurance permanence ...
favor plants and birds for pterosaurs. At present
Marine bacteria Earth joined ingredients of all life sensing capability
【Sohu news,beijing massage, according to British science journal New Scientist, the science fiction movie biosphere of the planet and all life chained elements, including phosphorescence, like factories and birds as pterosaurs. At present, current study shows that the Earth also has, like , a life in the marshy seabed sediments sulfur bacteria swallowed with a characteristic biological sensing capability.
some researchers believe namely bacteria in the sea sediments microbial nanowires via the formation of a network articulation, the fine details of protein cable to carry the electrons to oscillate, production the bacterial community for a super-organism (a group of interdependent, joint practice, a unit of the creature, such as social insects). Currently, the University of Aarhus,toronto escorts, Denmark, Peter. Nelson and his team findings support the controversial methodology of evidence.
Nelson said: . before life as we comprehend it ought see like, what they can do and what no to do, all the upon conditions must now be considered a alteration of calculating. ,beijing escort, this phenomenon is more general in the seaman sediments. To attain this, micro-organisms alive in sea water of oxygen needed in the decomposition of sulfide is effortless to carry electronic.
Nelson and the research team in Austria Seoul Aarhus collected in the vicinity of the seabed sediment with the bacteria-rich samples in the laboratory they removed the 1st time in seawater and sediment samples ashore the replacement of the oxygen. so researchers were surprised that,shanghai escort, in the re-introduction of oxygen diffusion Prior to sediment samples, they found that the sample surface, measuring the depth of a few centimeters of bacteria release hydrogen sulfide gas has begun to decompose.
Nelson believe that the displacement among the protein filaments of bacteria melodrama one major character in the network,wet season, this transmission network enables remote oxidation of oxygen in the deep sediment examples of bacteria by protein filaments conduction electrons, the information is passed to the communication of oxygen-rich specimens of surface sediment samples, so that the oxygen-rich sediment samples of the surface area of bacteria tin release oxygen. Nelson said that the process namely This process can be secondhand for the construction of microbial oil cells. Nelson said: grid. geochemist Venter Uribe Biological Association. Gobbi said: sex.
film
【Sohu news,beijing massage, according to British science journal New Scientist, the science fiction movie biosphere of the planet and all life chained elements, including phosphorescence, like factories and birds as pterosaurs. At present, current study shows that the Earth also has, like , a life in the marshy seabed sediments sulfur bacteria swallowed with a characteristic biological sensing capability.
some researchers believe namely bacteria in the sea sediments microbial nanowires via the formation of a network articulation, the fine details of protein cable to carry the electrons to oscillate, production the bacterial community for a super-organism (a group of interdependent, joint practice, a unit of the creature, such as social insects). Currently, the University of Aarhus,toronto escorts, Denmark, Peter. Nelson and his team findings support the controversial methodology of evidence.
Nelson said: . before life as we comprehend it ought see like, what they can do and what no to do, all the upon conditions must now be considered a alteration of calculating. ,beijing escort, this phenomenon is more general in the seaman sediments. To attain this, micro-organisms alive in sea water of oxygen needed in the decomposition of sulfide is effortless to carry electronic.
Nelson and the research team in Austria Seoul Aarhus collected in the vicinity of the seabed sediment with the bacteria-rich samples in the laboratory they removed the 1st time in seawater and sediment samples ashore the replacement of the oxygen. so researchers were surprised that,shanghai escort, in the re-introduction of oxygen diffusion Prior to sediment samples, they found that the sample surface, measuring the depth of a few centimeters of bacteria release hydrogen sulfide gas has begun to decompose.
Nelson believe that the displacement among the protein filaments of bacteria melodrama one major character in the network,wet season, this transmission network enables remote oxidation of oxygen in the deep sediment examples of bacteria by protein filaments conduction electrons, the information is passed to the communication of oxygen-rich specimens of surface sediment samples, so that the oxygen-rich sediment samples of the surface area of bacteria tin release oxygen. Nelson said that the process namely This process can be secondhand for the construction of microbial oil cells. Nelson said: grid. geochemist Venter Uribe Biological Association. Gobbi said: sex.
film
neat vigor
2010 Expectations: on air alteration , wash vigor ,shanghai massage, subserve low-carbon life, the evolution of a green economic hh
only an world , concerned approximately the future of the planet , catch on the Earth's environment , in the April 22 The world has began to push .
expect Nelson (Gaylord Nelson) in the United States each lecture held by the University ,beijing massage, apt plan because next year 's April 22 unions to protest the Vietnam War for the theme of the college war. Humidity Chamber , yet the preparatory conference held in Seattle , the activities One of the organizers , the Harvard University School of Law student Dennis. Hayes, located in a proposed campaign theme of environmental conservation in the United States campaign .1970 April 22 ,shenzhen massage, the United States tens of millions of people contained in the heavy . U.S. plans April 17 to April 25 , the National Mall in Washington,shenzhen escort, hold a array of activities. They said the publicity ,Chitosan is the merely normal alkaline cations with positively charged oligosaccharides, constant temperature and moisture carton the 1st Out their rage ashore the context . Now the Americans tin likewise make the 2010 Will create more U.S. jobs, decrease carbon emissions and assure the security of the country's hereafter .
only an world , concerned approximately the future of the planet , catch on the Earth's environment , in the April 22 The world has began to push .
expect Nelson (Gaylord Nelson) in the United States each lecture held by the University ,beijing massage, apt plan because next year 's April 22 unions to protest the Vietnam War for the theme of the college war. Humidity Chamber , yet the preparatory conference held in Seattle , the activities One of the organizers , the Harvard University School of Law student Dennis. Hayes, located in a proposed campaign theme of environmental conservation in the United States campaign .1970 April 22 ,shenzhen massage, the United States tens of millions of people contained in the heavy . U.S. plans April 17 to April 25 , the National Mall in Washington,shenzhen escort, hold a array of activities. They said the publicity ,Chitosan is the merely normal alkaline cations with positively charged oligosaccharides, constant temperature and moisture carton the 1st Out their rage ashore the context . Now the Americans tin likewise make the 2010 Will create more U.S. jobs, decrease carbon emissions and assure the security of the country's hereafter .
health and sustainable evolution.
Decision-making meteorological services, public weather services,2010-04-01 | not look aboard the floor of loveliness,beijing massage, vocational weather service is still the state, provincial, prefecture and county levels system. Meteorology services to promote the sharing of information resources and the interests of affirmative interaction mechanism is established to encourage the intensive development.
43 decision-making Weather Services business division at always levels:
National: Decision Meteorological Service to the business heart as the foundation, via the citizen meteorological services, the monitoring and forecasting prophesy evaluation product processing,shanghai massage, packaging. to the State Council and at the same level or on decision-making narrated consolidated sector meteorological service products, unified report alternatively provide the label of the China Meteorological Administration. to other relevant divisions to provide the same level or above, the decision-making meteorological service products to the provision of meteorological service products element signature.
provincial level: decision-making weather services to the business center as the basis, through the provincial meteorological services, the monitoring and forecasting forecast evaluation product processing and packaging. for the provinces (autonomous districts and municipalities), party councils and governments at the same level or above and the related consolidated sector decision-making meteorological service products to provinces (autonomous districts and municipalities) to report or provide the name of Weather Bureau. to other relevant departments to provide the same level or above, the decision-making meteorological service products to the provision of meteorological service products unit signature. for the River Water Resources Commission services and products provided by the corresponding Hydrometeorological Center .
floor level: decision-making above the level of meteorological services to navigate product, combined with the local weather and climate characteristics and the tangible needs of meteorological services, meteorological services, product re-processing and packaging. decision-making ground-level meteorological service products to the name of Weather Bureau reported or provide.
County: guiding decision-making level above the weather service products, combined with the local weather and climate characteristics and the actual needs of meteorological services, meteorological services, product re-processing and packaging. decision-making meteorological service products to the county Bureau of Meteorology report or provide the name.
44 Why is the strengthening of public weather services is to promote social and economic needs of sustainable development?
improve climate change monitoring, prediction, remodelling and mitigation of climate change on the adverse effects of surroundings and development has been convert the peppery publish of global sustainable development. With the growing human activities, climate change will further threaten human survival and development of natural resources and ecological context system, the another acute places or sensitive sectors of the socio-economic development and people survival meaningful impact on the environment. In the environment of global warming, the abatement of extreme weather and climate events on the menace of social and economic development, strengthening catastrophe hindrance and mitigation, meantime averting drawbacks, climate change and the urgent need to reinforce the business-building trail. to carry out climate change science, impacts and countermeasure research and operational work, will aid to understand the climate system and their interactions amid various spheres, scientific truths about climate change and future climate change conditions, and its natural resources, nature, environment, answer to national development provide the scientific basis of climate change strategies for the implementation of great projects to provide scientific assessments, to ensure rapid socio-economic, health and sustainable development.
45 public weather service reform in several treads to implement?
premier stage Reform of start-up phase (first half of 2006). start the reform of public weather services, refining the layout of public weather services.
deepen the adjustment of the second phase of the reform phase (second half of 2006.) procedures created apt meet the basic requirements of public climate service layout and operation system.
perfect stage for reform, the third phase (2007-2010). into full obedience with program requirements and the public meteorological service system escaping.
46 Why climate change is not only a scientific issue and environmental issues?
20 centuries since the early 90s, the field of climate change international made a series of important results, the current climate change and its impact on the basic facts of the international community and has been widely acknowledged by the scientific community. Scientific Research that the current global climate is suffering a warming as the main trait in a significant change, human activities have led to approximately 50 years of general warming. from the world, the proceeded climate warming has on the global ecosystem and socio-economic system to produce a significant and far-reaching impact, extreme weather and climate events as well as the frequent incidence of the potential for momentary climate change occurs will cause the Earth and its ecosystems carrying capacity for the reduction of human society, such as edible, water and vigor supply shortages, etc. human survival and development and accordingly have a significant impact. at the national, regional or smaller scales, the temperature range may be greater (notwithstanding there are regional differences), climate change will have agriculture, water resources, ecosystems, sea levels and other negate impact, and will further exacerbate already solemn environmental problems such as lack of water resources in North China, River Headwaters Region, so as to national security and socio-economic sustainable development posture a serious threat. Therefore, the climate change issue is not only a scientific issue and environmental issues, but also energy issues, economic issues and political issues.
47 exotic climate change, status and trends of the business system, what is?
1979 convening of the First World Climate Conference and the World Climate Programme established its 4 sub-projects, that the World Climate Research Programme (WCRP), World Climate Impacts Programme, the World Climate Applications Programme and the World Climate Data Programme, opened a prelude to global climate studies In 1986, ICSU established the International Earth Geosphere-Biosphere Programme (IGBP), focuses on the biogeochemistry in the Earth system problems .1990, the International Social Science Council of the League launched the Human Dimensions Programme on Global Environmental Change (IHDP), focusing on specification, analysis and understanding of global change in the human factors In 1992, the International Association of Biological Sciences, the International Council of Scientific Unions and UNESCO jointly set up a Biodiversity Programme (DIVERSITAS), for the conservation and sustainable and reasonable use of biological variety to provide a scientific basis. At present, the The four scientific programs (WCRP, IGBP, IHDP, DIVERSITAS) established the Earth System Science Partnership (ESSP) is carrying out various joint research projects, devised to promote research and changes in the Earth system integration studies, and global sustainable use of these changes development ability.
to a proper understanding of climate change and its impacts, and more spheres of interaction, in array to carry out climate change research to invest tall quality, perennial homogenization of various types of observational data, the international community has likewise fired a sequence of observational programs , such for the Global Climate Observing System Programme (GCOS), Global Ocean Observing System Programme (GOOS), Global Terrestrial Observing System Programme (GTOS), Global Climate Observing System Programme antique (GPOS) and so ashore, the Global Earth Observation System (GEOSS), in its decade implementation plan initiated ambition know, assess, foresee, alleviate and adjust to climate variability and climate change as an important service absences, and in the detection, file processing and delivery of 2 to ten annuals to amplify the specific objectives. These observations intentions for the air, oceans, land systems above the climate system of physical, chemical and biological parameters, to aid the climate system monitoring, climate change detection and thinking, clash appraisal of climate change, climate prophecy and additional business simulation and research.
2001 年 4 months, to support the United Nations Secretary General Kofi Annan launched the United Nations Millennium Ecosystem Assessment Programme (MA), studies to assess climate change and ecosystem interactions and influence. At the same time, the world's guiding scientific powers have develop and implement a national climate change research program, based disciplines into the development of a powerful impetus. the United States launched a mammoth national Global Change Research Program (USGCRP), focusing on interannual to century-scale climate change. UK 90 Ministry of the Environment, began from the 20th centenary established a series of global climate change issues, the main research for decades to predict the future of global climate change and its impacts and likely countermeasures. French Global Change Research Program focuses on climate change dynamics, sea-air m interaction, ocean's role in the carbon cycle, global atmospheric chemistry, the ozone wafer and ultraviolet radiation, climate change and other appearances of the ecosystem. Recently France has launched a Change Research Program to the greenhouse achieve and climate change research as a priority. Japan's global change research priorities, including greenhouse gases and global change, climate change on terrestrial ecosystems, coupled climate prototype, paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental change, global interaction between environment and human activities, and so on. Canada's national global change research in addition to supporting research, but also support information system construction and teaching, and also launched the Canadian climate program. Western countries, climate change research exertions, as they develop strategies and climate change rejoinder amounts to provide a solid foundation.
World Meteorological Organization and United Nations Environment Programme jointly established in 1988, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) as the chief entrance point to scientific issues, on climate change relative science, technology , social, and economic information and research data to make assessment and evaluation reports published regularly by the plan makers, the scientific community's care. as an independent scientific assessment of climate change in the intergovernmental bodies, IPCC to promote the international community and national government attaches importance to climate change, especially for the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change built a complete business system and framework for climate change. climate change science, there are still many uncertainties. projected to 2015, and currently plaguing many of the scientific and political issues of scientific uncertainty, such as climate change whistle detection, terrestrial ecosystems in the global carbon wheel, the role of the sea thermohaline prevalence changes and the impact and inspire in regional climate change and other issues, will be entirely resolved or partially resolved, the development of the science of climate change to a fashionable phase.
48 Why is air alteration, construction business system requirements as the evolution of modern science and technology?
either climate change and establishing business systems to meet national needs, but also for the development of international climate change science and technology frontier subserve the development of Earth System Science. Global climate change research represents the tearing corner of the field of globe science. Climate change daring scientific problems, which involves more than circle the earth among the physical, biological, chemical, process and sociology complicated interactions. Because there are still a lot of scientific uncertainty, climate change impact studies and countermeasures difficult to get a explicit conclusion. present the development of climate change science is distant failed to meet the growing national social and economic development needs. relevant international unions and earth important countries have developed a variety of climate change science program, vigorously strengthen science of climate change research to the next ten years in a significant reduction in scientific uncertainty, and better for regional economic development and the welfare of human society. China ought take this chance to quest in the shortest period to heave China's level of research in this field, to meet national trends and their impact on climate change forecasts for the domestic and international climate change increasingly Suggestions urgent needs, but also for climate change research and business development challenges.
operations to carry out climate change will help identify and resolve existing climate change, some existing areas of converge of scientific issues, such as: different time scale predictability of climate change issues; land, ocean and cryosphere these signals, and regional climate change and its predictability; the different spheres of the climate system for future contributions to sea level changes, the uncertainty prediction; current and historical climate change, climate change, in the manner, intensity, and on regional similarities and distinctions. In addition, related with climate change extreme weather and climate memorabilia and vulnerabilities are what we have to disburse special attention to important issues. Therefore, by increasing the physical climate system and the scientific understanding of climate processes, to further understand the biochemical processes changes, to decide to what amplitude climate can be predicted and the impact of human activities on climate level, working to improve and enhance the interaction among various spheres of the climate system, understanding, in order to better understand the global and regional climate change and predict the occasions and the frequency of extreme weather memorabilia to provide a scientific basis and severity.
49 of the main climate change issues and gaps in what?
Although China's climate change attained rapid development,shanghai massage, but with the international progressive operational work on climate change than the lack of long-term strategic planning, adequate funding, more importantly, have as yet fully established a high level of the juvenile scientists study climate change as the spine of the group, which also lack innovative scientific achievements, economic development can not meet the growing demand for international environmental foreign affairs.
1,beijing massage, based on data quality can not meet the business needs of modern climate change, as climate change and the fact namely an important test of uncertainty an factor. observation is to carry out an important basis for the business of climate change, but our new data series accustomed by maximum nobody of the homogeneity test and revised, the lack of message on climate change, warmhearted adopted data sets. In appending, the business of climate change used by many global and regional scale data products from the developed countries, chiefly deserving to China is not a comprehensive data set of high-quality products, original and more basic processing of data products, but very few deep-processed products, such as high-resolution rate of grid data products and seas, sparsely populated areas are the lack of information limits the development of climate change and amend the business. In addition, China has by far set up specifically for climate change observing systems tin not meet the climate change research and business work needs.
2, China's technological development of earth science in general to be improved. China's climate change research work has made considerable achievements, but the current generation and conservation of physical and chemical mechanisms of the climate system, interaction and the future impact of human activities, understanding is limited, thus limiting the extent of climate change in the estimated levels. Uneven spatial distribution of modern climate observations, the relating rarity of historical climate agent data, makes the facts of history and modern understanding of climate change, there is large ample. climate system model of development lags back, with a huge gap between the advanced world level, China has even now established a complete methodology of climate change projections and impact assessment system and so on. The science of climate change on both the international problems to be solved, is also a serious problem in China.
3, climate change and the business system is still in its early stages. the field of climate change, China made a lot of latent with business transformation and technological completions. but because of funding, equipment, personnel, etc. reasons, the results are not yet fully carry out the business transformation, resulting in scientific research and business services out of line. Meanwhile, the climate change framework required for operations, processes, standards and norms have not yet fully established, the business product scope of climate change less, and the lack of ample systematic and targeted to policy makers, scientific community and the general public the ability to provide comprehensive services, weak decision-making of employees, technology and public services need to raise awareness. In addition, regional and provincial The business of climate change is relatively languid, and some equitable started, can not meet the overall national economic construction and the development of China's meteorological needs, particularly of services for local economic development should be strengthened.
4, caustic climate change, business workers inadequate. With the quick progress of national social and economic rapid development of the business of climate change capacity-building needs are increasing, climate change research and business expansion go is being carried out with great fanfare, but the status of personnel is no optimistic, especially the lack of compound professionals and have a comprehensive, multi-level personnel architecture, climate change and business services in carrying out the work, encountered excellent difficulties.
50 forecast business climate Monitoring and Diagnostic Products resolution?
universal monitoring of the grid resolution of not fewer than 2x2 (latitude and longitude), the National Monitoring of not less than 0.5x0.5 (latitude and longitude). regional and provincial business climate monitoring grid resolution of not less than the citizen operational class.
51 provincial climate business productions
(1) Climate Monitoring and Diagnostic business products
br> (1) Climate Monitoring and Diagnostic business products
Product
(1) climate monitoring diagnostics business products
43 decision-making Weather Services business division at always levels:
National: Decision Meteorological Service to the business heart as the foundation, via the citizen meteorological services, the monitoring and forecasting prophesy evaluation product processing,shanghai massage, packaging. to the State Council and at the same level or on decision-making narrated consolidated sector meteorological service products, unified report alternatively provide the label of the China Meteorological Administration. to other relevant divisions to provide the same level or above, the decision-making meteorological service products to the provision of meteorological service products element signature.
provincial level: decision-making weather services to the business center as the basis, through the provincial meteorological services, the monitoring and forecasting forecast evaluation product processing and packaging. for the provinces (autonomous districts and municipalities), party councils and governments at the same level or above and the related consolidated sector decision-making meteorological service products to provinces (autonomous districts and municipalities) to report or provide the name of Weather Bureau. to other relevant departments to provide the same level or above, the decision-making meteorological service products to the provision of meteorological service products unit signature. for the River Water Resources Commission services and products provided by the corresponding Hydrometeorological Center .
floor level: decision-making above the level of meteorological services to navigate product, combined with the local weather and climate characteristics and the tangible needs of meteorological services, meteorological services, product re-processing and packaging. decision-making ground-level meteorological service products to the name of Weather Bureau reported or provide.
County: guiding decision-making level above the weather service products, combined with the local weather and climate characteristics and the actual needs of meteorological services, meteorological services, product re-processing and packaging. decision-making meteorological service products to the county Bureau of Meteorology report or provide the name.
44 Why is the strengthening of public weather services is to promote social and economic needs of sustainable development?
improve climate change monitoring, prediction, remodelling and mitigation of climate change on the adverse effects of surroundings and development has been convert the peppery publish of global sustainable development. With the growing human activities, climate change will further threaten human survival and development of natural resources and ecological context system, the another acute places or sensitive sectors of the socio-economic development and people survival meaningful impact on the environment. In the environment of global warming, the abatement of extreme weather and climate events on the menace of social and economic development, strengthening catastrophe hindrance and mitigation, meantime averting drawbacks, climate change and the urgent need to reinforce the business-building trail. to carry out climate change science, impacts and countermeasure research and operational work, will aid to understand the climate system and their interactions amid various spheres, scientific truths about climate change and future climate change conditions, and its natural resources, nature, environment, answer to national development provide the scientific basis of climate change strategies for the implementation of great projects to provide scientific assessments, to ensure rapid socio-economic, health and sustainable development.
45 public weather service reform in several treads to implement?
premier stage Reform of start-up phase (first half of 2006). start the reform of public weather services, refining the layout of public weather services.
deepen the adjustment of the second phase of the reform phase (second half of 2006.) procedures created apt meet the basic requirements of public climate service layout and operation system.
perfect stage for reform, the third phase (2007-2010). into full obedience with program requirements and the public meteorological service system escaping.
46 Why climate change is not only a scientific issue and environmental issues?
20 centuries since the early 90s, the field of climate change international made a series of important results, the current climate change and its impact on the basic facts of the international community and has been widely acknowledged by the scientific community. Scientific Research that the current global climate is suffering a warming as the main trait in a significant change, human activities have led to approximately 50 years of general warming. from the world, the proceeded climate warming has on the global ecosystem and socio-economic system to produce a significant and far-reaching impact, extreme weather and climate events as well as the frequent incidence of the potential for momentary climate change occurs will cause the Earth and its ecosystems carrying capacity for the reduction of human society, such as edible, water and vigor supply shortages, etc. human survival and development and accordingly have a significant impact. at the national, regional or smaller scales, the temperature range may be greater (notwithstanding there are regional differences), climate change will have agriculture, water resources, ecosystems, sea levels and other negate impact, and will further exacerbate already solemn environmental problems such as lack of water resources in North China, River Headwaters Region, so as to national security and socio-economic sustainable development posture a serious threat. Therefore, the climate change issue is not only a scientific issue and environmental issues, but also energy issues, economic issues and political issues.
47 exotic climate change, status and trends of the business system, what is?
1979 convening of the First World Climate Conference and the World Climate Programme established its 4 sub-projects, that the World Climate Research Programme (WCRP), World Climate Impacts Programme, the World Climate Applications Programme and the World Climate Data Programme, opened a prelude to global climate studies In 1986, ICSU established the International Earth Geosphere-Biosphere Programme (IGBP), focuses on the biogeochemistry in the Earth system problems .1990, the International Social Science Council of the League launched the Human Dimensions Programme on Global Environmental Change (IHDP), focusing on specification, analysis and understanding of global change in the human factors In 1992, the International Association of Biological Sciences, the International Council of Scientific Unions and UNESCO jointly set up a Biodiversity Programme (DIVERSITAS), for the conservation and sustainable and reasonable use of biological variety to provide a scientific basis. At present, the The four scientific programs (WCRP, IGBP, IHDP, DIVERSITAS) established the Earth System Science Partnership (ESSP) is carrying out various joint research projects, devised to promote research and changes in the Earth system integration studies, and global sustainable use of these changes development ability.
to a proper understanding of climate change and its impacts, and more spheres of interaction, in array to carry out climate change research to invest tall quality, perennial homogenization of various types of observational data, the international community has likewise fired a sequence of observational programs , such for the Global Climate Observing System Programme (GCOS), Global Ocean Observing System Programme (GOOS), Global Terrestrial Observing System Programme (GTOS), Global Climate Observing System Programme antique (GPOS) and so ashore, the Global Earth Observation System (GEOSS), in its decade implementation plan initiated ambition know, assess, foresee, alleviate and adjust to climate variability and climate change as an important service absences, and in the detection, file processing and delivery of 2 to ten annuals to amplify the specific objectives. These observations intentions for the air, oceans, land systems above the climate system of physical, chemical and biological parameters, to aid the climate system monitoring, climate change detection and thinking, clash appraisal of climate change, climate prophecy and additional business simulation and research.
2001 年 4 months, to support the United Nations Secretary General Kofi Annan launched the United Nations Millennium Ecosystem Assessment Programme (MA), studies to assess climate change and ecosystem interactions and influence. At the same time, the world's guiding scientific powers have develop and implement a national climate change research program, based disciplines into the development of a powerful impetus. the United States launched a mammoth national Global Change Research Program (USGCRP), focusing on interannual to century-scale climate change. UK 90 Ministry of the Environment, began from the 20th centenary established a series of global climate change issues, the main research for decades to predict the future of global climate change and its impacts and likely countermeasures. French Global Change Research Program focuses on climate change dynamics, sea-air m interaction, ocean's role in the carbon cycle, global atmospheric chemistry, the ozone wafer and ultraviolet radiation, climate change and other appearances of the ecosystem. Recently France has launched a Change Research Program to the greenhouse achieve and climate change research as a priority. Japan's global change research priorities, including greenhouse gases and global change, climate change on terrestrial ecosystems, coupled climate prototype, paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental change, global interaction between environment and human activities, and so on. Canada's national global change research in addition to supporting research, but also support information system construction and teaching, and also launched the Canadian climate program. Western countries, climate change research exertions, as they develop strategies and climate change rejoinder amounts to provide a solid foundation.
World Meteorological Organization and United Nations Environment Programme jointly established in 1988, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) as the chief entrance point to scientific issues, on climate change relative science, technology , social, and economic information and research data to make assessment and evaluation reports published regularly by the plan makers, the scientific community's care. as an independent scientific assessment of climate change in the intergovernmental bodies, IPCC to promote the international community and national government attaches importance to climate change, especially for the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change built a complete business system and framework for climate change. climate change science, there are still many uncertainties. projected to 2015, and currently plaguing many of the scientific and political issues of scientific uncertainty, such as climate change whistle detection, terrestrial ecosystems in the global carbon wheel, the role of the sea thermohaline prevalence changes and the impact and inspire in regional climate change and other issues, will be entirely resolved or partially resolved, the development of the science of climate change to a fashionable phase.
48 Why is air alteration, construction business system requirements as the evolution of modern science and technology?
either climate change and establishing business systems to meet national needs, but also for the development of international climate change science and technology frontier subserve the development of Earth System Science. Global climate change research represents the tearing corner of the field of globe science. Climate change daring scientific problems, which involves more than circle the earth among the physical, biological, chemical, process and sociology complicated interactions. Because there are still a lot of scientific uncertainty, climate change impact studies and countermeasures difficult to get a explicit conclusion. present the development of climate change science is distant failed to meet the growing national social and economic development needs. relevant international unions and earth important countries have developed a variety of climate change science program, vigorously strengthen science of climate change research to the next ten years in a significant reduction in scientific uncertainty, and better for regional economic development and the welfare of human society. China ought take this chance to quest in the shortest period to heave China's level of research in this field, to meet national trends and their impact on climate change forecasts for the domestic and international climate change increasingly Suggestions urgent needs, but also for climate change research and business development challenges.
operations to carry out climate change will help identify and resolve existing climate change, some existing areas of converge of scientific issues, such as: different time scale predictability of climate change issues; land, ocean and cryosphere these signals, and regional climate change and its predictability; the different spheres of the climate system for future contributions to sea level changes, the uncertainty prediction; current and historical climate change, climate change, in the manner, intensity, and on regional similarities and distinctions. In addition, related with climate change extreme weather and climate memorabilia and vulnerabilities are what we have to disburse special attention to important issues. Therefore, by increasing the physical climate system and the scientific understanding of climate processes, to further understand the biochemical processes changes, to decide to what amplitude climate can be predicted and the impact of human activities on climate level, working to improve and enhance the interaction among various spheres of the climate system, understanding, in order to better understand the global and regional climate change and predict the occasions and the frequency of extreme weather memorabilia to provide a scientific basis and severity.
49 of the main climate change issues and gaps in what?
Although China's climate change attained rapid development,shanghai massage, but with the international progressive operational work on climate change than the lack of long-term strategic planning, adequate funding, more importantly, have as yet fully established a high level of the juvenile scientists study climate change as the spine of the group, which also lack innovative scientific achievements, economic development can not meet the growing demand for international environmental foreign affairs.
1,beijing massage, based on data quality can not meet the business needs of modern climate change, as climate change and the fact namely an important test of uncertainty an factor. observation is to carry out an important basis for the business of climate change, but our new data series accustomed by maximum nobody of the homogeneity test and revised, the lack of message on climate change, warmhearted adopted data sets. In appending, the business of climate change used by many global and regional scale data products from the developed countries, chiefly deserving to China is not a comprehensive data set of high-quality products, original and more basic processing of data products, but very few deep-processed products, such as high-resolution rate of grid data products and seas, sparsely populated areas are the lack of information limits the development of climate change and amend the business. In addition, China has by far set up specifically for climate change observing systems tin not meet the climate change research and business work needs.
2, China's technological development of earth science in general to be improved. China's climate change research work has made considerable achievements, but the current generation and conservation of physical and chemical mechanisms of the climate system, interaction and the future impact of human activities, understanding is limited, thus limiting the extent of climate change in the estimated levels. Uneven spatial distribution of modern climate observations, the relating rarity of historical climate agent data, makes the facts of history and modern understanding of climate change, there is large ample. climate system model of development lags back, with a huge gap between the advanced world level, China has even now established a complete methodology of climate change projections and impact assessment system and so on. The science of climate change on both the international problems to be solved, is also a serious problem in China.
3, climate change and the business system is still in its early stages. the field of climate change, China made a lot of latent with business transformation and technological completions. but because of funding, equipment, personnel, etc. reasons, the results are not yet fully carry out the business transformation, resulting in scientific research and business services out of line. Meanwhile, the climate change framework required for operations, processes, standards and norms have not yet fully established, the business product scope of climate change less, and the lack of ample systematic and targeted to policy makers, scientific community and the general public the ability to provide comprehensive services, weak decision-making of employees, technology and public services need to raise awareness. In addition, regional and provincial The business of climate change is relatively languid, and some equitable started, can not meet the overall national economic construction and the development of China's meteorological needs, particularly of services for local economic development should be strengthened.
4, caustic climate change, business workers inadequate. With the quick progress of national social and economic rapid development of the business of climate change capacity-building needs are increasing, climate change research and business expansion go is being carried out with great fanfare, but the status of personnel is no optimistic, especially the lack of compound professionals and have a comprehensive, multi-level personnel architecture, climate change and business services in carrying out the work, encountered excellent difficulties.
50 forecast business climate Monitoring and Diagnostic Products resolution?
universal monitoring of the grid resolution of not fewer than 2x2 (latitude and longitude), the National Monitoring of not less than 0.5x0.5 (latitude and longitude). regional and provincial business climate monitoring grid resolution of not less than the citizen operational class.
51 provincial climate business productions
(1) Climate Monitoring and Diagnostic business products
br> (1) Climate Monitoring and Diagnostic business products
Product
(1) climate monitoring diagnostics business products
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